Sahbaa Hafedh Sagban; Noor Flayyih Hasan; Nadia N. Hussein AL Masaoodi; Hayder Talib Mahdi
Volume 0, Issue 1 , September 2022, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Breast Cancer is Iraq's most that prevalent form of malignancy. The Iraqi Cancer Archive demonstrates an apparent tendency for the disease to affect advanced-stage women younger. the Objective of study, In Waist Province/ Iraq, to I provide an that overviews of the occurrence of female I breast cancer. ...
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Breast Cancer is Iraq's most that prevalent form of malignancy. The Iraqi Cancer Archive demonstrates an apparent tendency for the disease to affect advanced-stage women younger. the Objective of study, In Waist Province/ Iraq, to I provide an that overviews of the occurrence of female I breast cancer. A retrospective research was performed over the 10 year period from 2010-2019 to classify all new cases of breast cancer from all over Wasit. The Patient Methods: Breast cancer statistical information was collected from the publicly accessible cancer registry/ Wasit province/ Iraq. Results: Between January 2010 and December 2019, 274 female I breast cancer cases were detected and registered in the Wasit governorate. A recent study showed the age group 45-59 years is high affected, the percentage was (38.68%). According to life stylethe highest incidence of female breast cancer was for female who live in the city 204 (74.45%).Conclusions: Obviously, these findings reflect the general population's poor health education and their misunderstanding. Clinical breast examinations, breast self-examinations, and early physician consultations are all beneficial.
Nawar S Taher; Suhad H Mohammed
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2023, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Bacterial translocation (BT) has not completely defined in patients with Hepatitis B, C viruses, and Liver cirrho-sis. This study aims to study the differences in the LPS level as a marker for BT among patients with HBV, HCV, and liver cirrhosis and their effect on disease severity. Across-sectional ...
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Bacterial translocation (BT) has not completely defined in patients with Hepatitis B, C viruses, and Liver cirrho-sis. This study aims to study the differences in the LPS level as a marker for BT among patients with HBV, HCV, and liver cirrhosis and their effect on disease severity. Across-sectional study was conducted. Out of 89 blood samples was collected from patients with HBV, HCV, liver cirrhosis. Serum samples was used to measure the lev-el of LPS automatically by ELISA Techniques. SPSS, version 22 software, was used to analyze data. Out of 50.56% of patients were infected with HBV, 23.59% were infected with HCV and 25.84% with liver cirrhosis. There were significant lower mean of LPS in patients with HBV in comparison to HCV and liver cirrhotic pa-tients. Significant positive correlation of LPS with ALP was found. The highest mean in LPS level that found in liver cirrhotic patients may reflect the impact of LPS in pathogenesis. Significant positive correlation of LPS with ALP may support the role of these parameter in disease pathogenesis.
Faten Kadhem Khalaf Aldawmy
Volume 0, Issue 1 , September 2022, , Pages 8-21
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Rotaviruses in Karbala and Basrah provinces in Iraq, the genetic recombination of Rotavirus strains in human with another hosts and release a novel strains may lead limited activity of Rotarix vaccine. Rotaviruses were detected by Immunochromatography ...
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This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Rotaviruses in Karbala and Basrah provinces in Iraq, the genetic recombination of Rotavirus strains in human with another hosts and release a novel strains may lead limited activity of Rotarix vaccine. Rotaviruses were detected by Immunochromatography Test (ICT) then the positive samples were tested by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) using specific primers to vp4gene, this gene is responsible for stimulation the immune system to produce neutralizing antibodies about of 200 diarrheal stool samples, 100 samples from pediatrics hospital of Karbala province and another 100 samples from Maternity and children hospital in Basrah province . The vp4 gene was implemented in rotavirus vaccine of Iraqi immunization program. The RT- PCR results showed that 56.3% (27/48) of samples positive in children under five years of age in Karbala province while Basrah province revealed 58.5% (31/53) positive samples in children. The results of sequencing of human and Rotarix vaccine revealed that there was relation between them and animal strains according to genetic reassortment between human and another species while in comparing with international strains there were closely related with Lebanon and Turkey human strains. Necessarily for further studies are needed to study the genetic alterations with viral recombination of rotavirus to detect the Rotarix vaccine activity against novel Rotaviral strains.
asmaa abdelaziz Abdelaziz Mohamed; Noor Z Kbah
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2023, , Pages 11-28
Abstract
In accordance with the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), drugs that fall into Class II are distinguished by having a lower solubility and a higher permeability. Therefore, co-crystallization has been developed for the purpose of dissolving medications that are notoriously difficult to dissolve. ...
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In accordance with the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), drugs that fall into Class II are distinguished by having a lower solubility and a higher permeability. Therefore, co-crystallization has been developed for the purpose of dissolving medications that are notoriously difficult to dissolve. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and coformers, are the components that go into the production of co-crystals. Pharmaceutical Co-crystals are a type of nonionic complex that can be utilized to solve a range of physicochemical issues, such as solubility, stability, and bioavailability. An item is said to be a co-crystal if it is comprised of two or more different molecular units and is kept together by weak intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding. super-porous systems, biodegradable hydrogel systems. Co-crystallization is frequently considered the most efficient method for improving the quality of medications since it can change the molecular interactions and chemical make-up of medicinal substances. Co-crystals provide an alternative approach for API, regardless of whether the API comprises acidic, basic, or ionizable groups. The reintroduction of compounds that have restricted pharmacological properties due to the fact that their functional groups are not ionizable acts as a complementary approach to approaches that have already been established. Inclusion, preparation, characterization of the co-crystals, as well as several applied research studies, are all topics that are covered in this review, along with their significance in the recent trend toward improving various physicochemical features of BCS class II medications, such as solubilization, stability, and bioequivalence.
Huda Salman Marzoq; Saif Jabbar Yaser
Volume 0, Issue 1 , September 2022, , Pages 22-30
Abstract
The study's goal is to find a link between the existence of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBVNA) and rheumatoid arthritis in patients. The present study was conducted on a study population with a sample size of 148 participants, comprising of two groups: the first (74) rheumatoid arthritis patients ...
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The study's goal is to find a link between the existence of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBVNA) and rheumatoid arthritis in patients. The present study was conducted on a study population with a sample size of 148 participants, comprising of two groups: the first (74) rheumatoid arthritis patients (case) and the second (74) healthy persons with no symptoms of autoimmunity (control).The existence of the virus was investigated in both case and control groups. Patients visiting Marjan Medical City in Babil Governorate between November 2017 and May 2018 between the ages of 15 and 75 years were recruited. The patients and control samples were serologically screened using ELISA techniques prior to identification of EBV genes (EBNA1 and EBNA2) was conducted using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR).The results obtained indicated that 3 samples were positive for EBNA1, while 5 were positive for EBNA2 in the patients group. No positive EBNA1 and EBNA2 positive sample was obtained in the control group. This study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis had detectable levels of EBNA-1, EBNA-2 genes while the control group had none. These findings suggest that the virus has a role in the increased prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis.
Duha Maithem Hassan
Volume 0, Issue 1 , September 2022, , Pages 31-40
Abstract
Chronic B-cell neoplasms include a number of disease entities arising from mature B lymphocytes which involve primarily the blood, bone marrow (BM) and lymphoid organs such as the lymph nodes and spleen. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by absolute lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood ...
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Chronic B-cell neoplasms include a number of disease entities arising from mature B lymphocytes which involve primarily the blood, bone marrow (BM) and lymphoid organs such as the lymph nodes and spleen. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by absolute lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood and BM. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) also may have extensive BM and peripheral blood involvement at initial presentation like follicular lymphoma (FL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL). Although there are difficulties in separating CLL from some NHL, the distinction is important because prognostic and therapeutic differences exist. Immunophenotyping (IPT) has become an essential tool to confirm the diagnosis and to separate CLL from other lymphoid malignancies. Evaluate the role of immunostained CD10 and CD20 in the subclassification of chronic B-cell neoplasms and confirm the significance of these markers as a complementary test to morphological features of chronic B-cell neoplasms using BM aspirate and biopsy. BM biopsies of fifty five adult patients with CLL and leukemic phase of NHL were collected from December 2010 to April 2011; fifty of them were retrospectively while five of them were prospectively collected. Current study revealed that CLL cases (27) showed weak positive reaction with CD20 (96%) while no reaction with CD10 (0%). While NHL (28) cases showed positive reaction with CD20 (100%) & CD10 (71.5%). This study revealed significant statistical difference between morphology and IPT diagnosis at the level of P.value <0.05.This study revealed that the CD markers has important diagnostic role in the subclassification of chronic B-cell neoplasms also revealed that the IPT technique in conjunction with morphology have more precise role than morphology alone in the diagnosis of chronic B-cell neoplasms.
Aqeel Hayder Atallaha
Volume 0, Issue 1 , September 2022, , Pages 41-47
Abstract
The aim of this a study was to evaluate the possible effects of the Methanolic and aqueous extracts decreased the liver enzymes (ALP, SGPT and SGOT) to the normal level after the its values by the treatment with ethanol liquid diet. The level of GOT, GPT and ALP in animals treated with ethanol after ...
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The aim of this a study was to evaluate the possible effects of the Methanolic and aqueous extracts decreased the liver enzymes (ALP, SGPT and SGOT) to the normal level after the its values by the treatment with ethanol liquid diet. The level of GOT, GPT and ALP in animals treated with ethanol after 25 days were increased in comparison with control group, results showed that animals treated with Crude Plant Extracts caused decreased in liver enzymes activity to reach to normal level in comparison with control group.
Arwa Abdulnasser Nattouf; Mayssa Ragheb Ali
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
A prospective cohort study in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis patients hospitalized in Neurology department, Tishreen University Hospital -Syria from January 2021 to January 2023, aims to evaluate the ophthalmic symptoms in CVST patient . 72 patients were identified,49 females (68.1%) mean age 39.9±11.2 ...
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A prospective cohort study in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis patients hospitalized in Neurology department, Tishreen University Hospital -Syria from January 2021 to January 2023, aims to evaluate the ophthalmic symptoms in CVST patient . 72 patients were identified,49 females (68.1%) mean age 39.9±11.2 , 23 males (31.9%) mean age 53.2±17.4 years ( p:0.002). The most common complaint led to diagnosis was headache in 34 cases (47.2%) ,hemiparesis and blurred vision in 11 cases (15.3%) for each of them, the ophthalmic complaints were the reason for medical consultation in 19 cases (26.4%). Infection represented the most frequent risk factor (23.6%), followed by hypertension (22.2%), oral contraceptives (16.7%). Ocular symptoms were the initial presentation in 72.2%(52/72), blurred vision represented the most frequent symptom (54.2%). Papilledema was the most frequent manifestation in 57 cases (79.2%). Superior sagittal the most affected sinus (69.4%). Complete recovery was observed in 37 cases (51.4%), ophthalmic complications were present in (34.7%), neurologic complications in (6.9%), mortality rate was (6.9%). Presence of papilledema, orbital pain, increasing the number of affected sinuses, and elevated ICP were associated with poor outcome(p<0.05). Early ophthalmic symptoms were more frequent than neurologic, so that early recognition and initiation of treatment will improve the outcome.
zahraa qais jasim qais Al-mankooshi; Maryam Kadhim Kadhim AL-shemery; Fatema Mohammed Ali Mohammed AL-kafhage
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
We offer certain clinical applications for B12, particularly in the detection of obese. The purpose of this study was to accurately anticipate or diagnose vitamin B12 pathology in obese adults. A total of 25 cases—25 overweight or obese patients, and 25 controls—were evaluated in this study. ...
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We offer certain clinical applications for B12, particularly in the detection of obese. The purpose of this study was to accurately anticipate or diagnose vitamin B12 pathology in obese adults. A total of 25 cases—25 overweight or obese patients, and 25 controls—were evaluated in this study. The patients were between the ages of 20 and 40. The BMI and B12 levels of the study subjects' obese patients were calculated. This research also identified a link between BMI and B12. The results of the research revealed that there was a high percentage distribution in BMI among those who participated, including 35% of them being normal weight, 15% being overweight, 15% being obese, and 25% of them being severely obese. Additionally, there are statistically significant increases [p 0.05] in serum B12 levels in those in the study who are obese compared with other groups, and this marker has a positive relationship with BMI. These results imply the elevated plasma levels of vitamin B12 may serve as an independent indicator of dysfunction in obese people. B12 can be utilized to identify signs of stress and obesity, as well as predict the likelihood of inflammatory.
KAMAL JUNDI AL-AAYEDI; Hussein Saraefi; Mortadha Altalkani; Ammar Al-azzawi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Iraqi prosperity has not lasted for very long due to the several wars the country has suffered, as well as the ongoing, massive, and intentional destruction of infrastructure. Decades of sanctions and violence have drastically eroded the formerly proud and well-functioning health ...
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Background and Purpose: Iraqi prosperity has not lasted for very long due to the several wars the country has suffered, as well as the ongoing, massive, and intentional destruction of infrastructure. Decades of sanctions and violence have drastically eroded the formerly proud and well-functioning health system. Physiotherapy may play a significant role in resolving these issues, given the ongoing population expansion andthe high rates of disease and disability. This study aimed to examine the present state of physiotherapy in Iraq and offer suggestions for furthering its growth and development. Method: This study employed a qualitative study design in the form of an online questionnaire (with the participation of 17 key informants among physiotherapists in Iraq). A framework of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats was then used to categorize emergent themes and give a basis for a strategic direction for the profession. Results: Informants stated that professional motivation and an increase in colleges were strengths. Among the weaknesses were education, practice organization, societal awareness, and equipment limitations. The association and legal organization, continuous education, and multidisciplinary collaboration were opportunities that were explored. Intruders, quacks, and the continuation of the current situation were all threats that were handled. Conclusions: Our research indicates that the status of the physiotherapy profession in Iraq is not at the required level. Policymakers must work to enhance the profession's strengths and capitalize on opportunities for advancement while also working hard to decrease and eliminate weaknesses and threats.
Hussein Aziz Naser
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
Uremic pericardial effusion is one of important complications of renal failure but its causes and pathogenesis remain obscure To find the association of variable electrolytes, albumin level and blood osmolality to degree of pericardial effusion we did a cross sectional study conducted in Al Sadr Medical ...
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Uremic pericardial effusion is one of important complications of renal failure but its causes and pathogenesis remain obscure To find the association of variable electrolytes, albumin level and blood osmolality to degree of pericardial effusion we did a cross sectional study conducted in Al Sadr Medical city in Al Najaf From June2021 to April 2022. 35 Uremic patients 22 males and 13 females and age 18-65 mean (40.2±12.5) on maintenance hemodialysis who had pericardial effusion diagnosed by Echocardiography were put into 3 groups (mild, moderate and large pericardial effusion). We calculate serum osmolality, BUN, blood glucose, serum calcium, serum sodium, serum potassium, and also serum albumin. The study showed inverse correlation between serum calcium and size of pericardial effusion p-value< 0.001, correlation coefficient R 0.557 and there is directly proportional relation between serum osmolality and pericardial effusion p value = 0.003, correlation coefficient R 0.493 while the serum albumin showed no significance relation with degree of pericardial effusion p-value=0.716 correlation coefficient R 0.493.
Morjan Hassan Alsobh
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
This study intended to evaluate the role of ultrasound therapy versus short-wave diathermy (SWD) in the treatment of women patient with frozen shoulders. A pilot double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients suffering from frozen shoulders. The intervention ...
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This study intended to evaluate the role of ultrasound therapy versus short-wave diathermy (SWD) in the treatment of women patient with frozen shoulders. A pilot double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients suffering from frozen shoulders. The intervention included continuous 3 MHz, 1.5 w/cm2 Ultrasound, applied for the first group, and short-wave diathermy with 27.12 MHz was applied for the second group. Pain by visual analog scale (VAS), range of shoulder motion (ROM), and muscle power were assessed at the baseline, after 12 sessions of treatment, and at a 4-week follow-up. A significant effect of both treatments was observed compared to the baseline, ROM, and muscle strength of both biceps was increased during the session and the follow-up. There was a significant difference between the ultrasound and short-wave therapies, where short-wave was more effective in all measurement variables except the flexion index.
Janan Nima Hadi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study highlights the use of plant-derived natural surfactants in formulating pharmaceutical emulsions, addressing concerns with traditional synthetic surfactants. Emulsions are vital for enhancing drug bioavailability, but their formulation often involves environmentally concerning agents. ...
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ABSTRACTThis study highlights the use of plant-derived natural surfactants in formulating pharmaceutical emulsions, addressing concerns with traditional synthetic surfactants. Emulsions are vital for enhancing drug bioavailability, but their formulation often involves environmentally concerning agents. Natural surfactants from plant extracts emerge as eco-friendly alternatives. The review explores diverse plant-derived surfactants, emphasizing their unique structures and surface-active properties. Extraction methods, purification techniques, and their compatibility with pharmaceutical ingredients are evaluated, showcasing their efficacy in stabilizing emulsions. Physicochemical aspects of emulsion stability, including interactions between natural surfactants, co-surfactants, and hydrophobic drugs, are discussed. Case studies demonstrate successful formulations across various pharmaceutical emulsion systems, highlighting their potential in controlled drug delivery. Safety is crucial, especially in pharmaceuticals. The abstract reviews toxicity, irritation, and allergies tied to plant-derived surfactants, confirming their suitability. In conclusion, integrating natural surfactants from plant extracts in pharmaceutical emulsions offers a biocompatible and sustainable approach to enhancing drug delivery. This research emphasizes the need for further studies to optimize formulations, assess long-term stability, and validate their clinical potential.
Mayssa Ragheb Ali; Arwa Abdulnasser Nattouf
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
This Randomized control trail research designs a proposed rehabilitation program using conservative treatment: McKenzie exercises and electrical stimulation TENS and diclofenac to relieve chronic sciatica pain. Sciatica is a common cause of pain and disability, has a less favorable outcome. However, ...
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This Randomized control trail research designs a proposed rehabilitation program using conservative treatment: McKenzie exercises and electrical stimulation TENS and diclofenac to relieve chronic sciatica pain. Sciatica is a common cause of pain and disability, has a less favorable outcome. However, conservative treatment including McKenzie exercises, TENS and diclofenac have very effectible outcomes for lumber back pain including sciatica conducted on 300 patients to show its effect in reducing pain and other associated symptoms. The research sample was chosen by the intentional method from Imam Zain AlAbedeen hospital and AL-saidaKhadija al-kubra hospital. Study research duration was from August 2022 to August 2023. We used oxford scale for muscle strength, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and goniometer for joint range of motion (ROM).Results showed that there was a significant improvement in diclofenac group more than TENS and McKenzie exercises in reducing pain (p=0.006) (p=0.001) and improve knee flexion ROM(P=0.548 ). , increasing muscle powerThere was significant decrease in patient pain by TENS modality and increase in muscle power by all treatment methods and there for, the knee flexion ROM improvement in diclofenac, but no significant difference between the two other treatment group
Aseel Ehsan Mahmoud Ehsan AL-Mosawi; Rehab Jasim Mohammed Jasim Almanqoshi; Hameedah Hadi AbdulWahid Hadi Alshaabawy
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2023
Abstract
Recurrent miscarriages: This disorder affects 1% of couples trying to conceive, which is defined as the loss of two or more successive pregnancies. Patients miscarry before the 24-week mark in 1-2% of first- and second-trimester pregnancies. Women of reproductive age are frequently affected by the endocrine ...
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Recurrent miscarriages: This disorder affects 1% of couples trying to conceive, which is defined as the loss of two or more successive pregnancies. Patients miscarry before the 24-week mark in 1-2% of first- and second-trimester pregnancies. Women of reproductive age are frequently affected by the endocrine disorder polycystic ovary syndrome. The study important to know the relationship between recurrent miscarriage in women and polycystic ovary syndrome. The study comprised 90 women, ages 15 to 45, who were split into two groups: 40 women were a healthy control group and 50 patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome and recurrent miscarriages. Variations in the levels of a number of hormones, including prolactin, estrogen, and Inhibin B, are suggestive of a higher risk of repeat miscarriages. Patients with PCOS are experiencing more miscarriages; the greatest predictor of a subsequent loss in the future is an earlier miscarriage.
